Analysis of Picking Cotton Book Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The first personality was that of Jennifer Thompson Cannino. She was the protagonist of this memoir. She comes out vividly as the epitome of both grace and strength as she narrates and shares with the world her horrific ordeal as a young innocent and low-key profile college student. She recounts the reader how she was raped at knifepoint in the dead of the night at her apartments. She speaks of her memories so vivid regarding the physical characteristic and features of the man who attacked her (Thompson-Cannino, Cotton and Toneo 20)The memoir is of a scorned woman who despite the shame and bad taste that was left in her life emerged stronger than the tragedy. She is an illustration of the proverbial a glass half full as opposed to a glass half empty. She turned her misfortune into a best seller. She did not let her tragedy weaken her spirit and overshadow her life. During the ordeal, she vowed to put the perpetrator behind bars and thus focused on his features so that she could iden tify him when she got out of the ordeal alive. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Picking Cotton Book or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page He stood his ground that he was innocent and never gave up the fight. He often insisted he was innocent until finally, a DNA test proved his case. Despite the case of mistaken identity that put him behind bars for eleven years, he did not result to bitterness and resentment. Two years after he was released, he met with Jennifer the woman who had sworn he was the man who had taken away her dignity and innocence. He demonstrated a trait that is seldom seen as the two established a relationship that was remarkable. Ronald forgave Jennifer and together they developed a best seller hence the memoir that is the centre of my book report. Indeed a positive trait by Ronald that I wish I possessed or at least half of his spirit of forgiveness. Ronald first forgave himself making him better and stronger enough to forgive the woman who turned him into a guest of the state for eleven years.

My Letter At Howard University - 868 Words

Where did God fit inside the equation, and how would all these elements shape His Plan: my husband, my supervisor, my transformed ambition to enroll into college, my college professors, and my career job choices? There I stood, without a college degree, inside the office of my supervisor, an astute college professor, and the Department’s Chairperson. I left the Law School (in March 1998) and got a new job upon main campus. I worked inside the School of Education, Department of Educational Administration Policy (EAP) at Howard University. I worked as the only liaison between graduate students, the Department Chairperson, and seven other faculty professors. At the beginning of the fall semester 1998, my boss, and I exchanged educational views concerning the economical advantages linked to a college degree. He suggested that I seek out a college education – same thing my husband recommended (in the previous chapter). Since I was in my mid-thirties, I said, â €Å"I’m too old to get a college degree.† My boss replied, â€Å"How old would you be if you didn’t get it?† His cajole statement tickled my curiosity, and I explored how higher education could be a beneficial payback -- especially at my age. After surfing the Internet, I delved deeper into college education topics, and presto! I hit a gold mine. I discovered that â€Å"higher education† has various meanings depending upon the individuals and their demographic area. ForShow MoreRelatedThe Decision Of My Academic Suspension966 Words   |  4 Pagesappeal the decision of my academic suspension. When I received the news of my suspension I was deeply saddened, but understood completely the circumstances under which the decision was made. My low GPA failed to meet the requirements of the University to remain an active student on campus, which as a result led to my temporary dismissal. In the beginning of my freshman year, I was very excited about coming to Howard University because I had fell in love with the school. Into my first year I took onRead MoreAnalyzing Racial Inequality : Past, Present, And Future Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagesmale, the text really connected to my current way of thinking, but it also made me argumentative of some of the ideas Coates presented. Coates offered critical explanations of black experiences in the past and examined the ordeals arising in the present, but he does not propose any solutions on how to handle the situation of race moving forward into the future, which was unfortunate to me as a reader. Ta-Nehisi Coates wrote Between the World and Me as a letter to his son, Samori. He offers a briefRead MoreWhy Students Are Addicted To Starbucks?1256 Words   |  6 PagesBeginning the day with a cup of coffee has become a ritual for many college students. As a college freshmen, I found out that many students from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign were addicted to Starbucks. Most of them consumed two to three cups of coffee per day and spend an average of $16 - $25 dollars per week in Starbucks. This was at stake because students can be drown into debt because of their overspending in Starbucks. Also, drinking too much coffee can lead to stomach problemsRead MoreEssay on A Brief Biography of Mamie Phipps Clark1185 Words   |  5 Pagesthe South was far from easy, even for the middle class family that she came from. â€Å"My father was a well-respected black person, and it was a phenomenon that is not really unusual in the South, that even in the highly segregated sit uations, you will have a few blacks that are permitted to cross certain lines. For example, to go to certain stores and to be waited on. Not restaurants, but stores with merchandise. My father was one of those people. We had certain access to certain kinds of things, likeRead MoreThe Life of Zora Neale Hurston Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pagesemployers. Finishing up her high school studies in Morgan Academy and graduating on June 1918, Hurston studied part-time at Howard University in the same year. While Hurston studied in college she decided to support herself as â€Å"a manicurist, a waitress, and a maid in order to support herself† (D. Kaplan 2). Hurston’s talent towards literature started to emerge while studying at Howard. She made such an impact in her first short story titled, â€Å"John Redding Goes to Sea in 1921, that it was included inRead MoreEssay about Cyber Culture and The Future of Print1610 Words   |  7 Pagesit from the web. George Landow sta tes in his essay Twenty Minutes into the Future, or How Are We Moving Beyond the Book? â€Å"A good bit of undergraduate reading in America, moreover, does not involve books at all.† (Landow 216) Is it possible for universities to stop using books, over time will it be more common to use the web? It seems like we are heading in that direction. Soon it seems like most people won’t even need to leave their house to shop. So many people shop through the internet thatRead MoreEssay about General Education Requirements: Revision for Success1611 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral education requirements, or GERs, in universities are basically what the name implies, General. These courses are too vague in terms of helping each student succeed. The requirements are suppose to help each student become more well-rounded but this is done by pounding useless information in students minds within a short amount of time. Therefore, students are paying money to learn about things that they will forget the next semester. General education requirements need to be revised toRead MoreLosing Vietnam On The Home Front1672 Words   |  7 Pagesmedia coverage brought the war home each night to every American living room. People realized that the glowing reviews of the war effort their government had been releasing were far from the truth. Once the draft started, young people on college and university campuses all around the country began to organize protests against the war. The peace movement began in the 1960s in the United States in opposition to U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Some advocates within this movement advocated a unilateralRead MoreWhy Should White Guys Have All The Fun?1041 Words   |  5 Pagesfocuses on his high school years. Mister Lewis grew up in Baltimore Maryland and chose to attend Dunbar high school, a school praised for its exceptional sports program in the city. At Dunbar, Mister Lewis was a 3 sport athlete, achieving varsity letters in football, baseball, and basketball. When he was not playing sports, he decided to take on jobs during his junior and senior years of school. He was so talented on the football field that he helped him earn a football scholarship to Virginia StateRead MoreWriting a Letter of Recommendation6680 Words   |  27 PagesWriting a Letter of Recommendation Addendum to Making the Right Moves: A Practical Guide to Scientific Management for Postdocs and New Faculty second edition Burroughs Wellcome Fund Howard Hughes Medical Institute Making the Right Moves: A Practical Guide to Scientific Management for Postdocs and New Faculty, second edition  © 2006 by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Burroughs Wellcome Fund All rights reserved. â€Å"Writing a Letter of Recommendation†: Electronic addendum published

Scenario of Indoor Marijuana Horticulture †Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: Scenario OneJoanna Spring always insisted that she did not ever want to be kept alive by machines, and even stated that when she was a young teenager. Her parents understood her feelings on the subject. Joanna married Bill Spring and one month later, was involved in an auto accident which left her in a persistent vegetative state. Joannas parents (Mr. and Mrs. John Winters) have sued to have Joanna taken off life support. Joannas husband refused to allow the hospital to do so. Joannas parents thing that it is only because he will not inherit Joannas huge estate unless he has been married to her for more than two years. The court sided with Bill Spring, and refused to order the removal of life support. The Winters now want to appeal the decision and let Joanna die in peace before bill becomes Joannas heir.1.Do previous requests with regards to final wishes change when married? Remove from life support request considered a last will and testament? Acting in the best interest of patient . Scenario TwoShirley Baker is a young woman suffering from breast cancer. She has been on chemotherapy for several months, and has experienced terrible side-effects. She did receive a prescription for the medicinal use of marijuana while living in California, but moved to Oklahoma to be closer to her family. She did take several ounces of marijuana with her when she moved, and was arrested while smoking marijuana on the front porch of her parents home, the evening she arrived in Oklahoma. She was convicted of illegal possession of the drug, and wants to appeal her conviction.1. Does Oklahoma recognize medical marijuana? Does Californias prescription law carry over to Oklahoma?Scenario ThreeJoe Valle and Fred Hamper have been partners for many years. When same sex unions became legal in California, they moved there just long enough to be married, and then returned to their home in Georgia. Joe applied for health insurance for himself and his spouse. The insurance company refused to recognize the marriage, and Joe and Fred sued. The trial court found in favor of Big Time Insurance Company, and Joe and Fred want to appeal.For this case, due to limited access, I used Maryland in place of Georgia as they do not allow same sex marriages. 1. Does Georgia recognize marriages performed in other jurisdictions?2. Are same sex marriages recognized by the state? ( I searched Loislaw for same sex marriage doing a power search with only bar publications and other selected as libraries)3.1 95 Op. Att'y Gen. 3 (2010)3.2 Yes3.3 No the state works under comity or the recognition of other jurisdictions laws. It has recognized common law marriage, a marriage between and uncle and niece, both of which are not legal marriages in Maryland due to this.3.4 These are all opinions of the Attorney General of Maryland and are secondary. The opinion also states:There are no formal prerequisites to recognition of an out-of-state marriage. Maryland courts observe "the general rule that a ma rriage valid where contracted or solemnized is valid everywhere, unless it is contrary to the public policy of the forum." Henderson, 199 Md. at 458Scenario FourFlora Findley loves plants. She had become interested in hydroponics and hybridizing plants. She began growing plants under full-spectrum sunlight lamps in her home. She also has a teenaged son who expressed an interest in growing plants. She was pleased that she and her son could share an interest. One day, a police officer investigating a burglary next door, came to Floras home to ask if she had seen anything. He noticed all of the plants growing under the lamps, and quickly began inspecting them. He found a small plant that he thought was marijuana, and promptly arrested Flora. Flora was convicted for possession, but insisted that the search of her home was unwarranted. She wants to appeal the decision.Did flora let the officer in? Does growing plants constitute reasonable suspicion? Was the plant in plain sight?Scenario FiveMr. Frank Incense was arrested for theft when he took $500,000 worth of tools from behind a neighbors shed which faced an alley. Frank insisted that he thought the tools were being thrown away. He was having financial difficulty and thought he could make some money by selling the tools. While being questioned, Frank asked for an attorney. Finally he was provided with an attorney who specialized in Bankruptcy Law, and who was required to take on criminal cases pro bono. The attorney really did not understand criminal procedure, and as a result, Mr. Insence was not only found guilty, but also received a very stiff sentence. Mr. Insence wants to appeal his case because he believes that he not only had a right to counsel, but a right to counsel who was competent in handling criminal proceedings.Did Incense receive competent counsel? Answers: Scenario One The search query in the present case is if the last wishes of Joanna Spring can be fulfilled, particularly in view of the fact that her husband is not willing to acknowledge these wishes. On the other hand, the parents of Joanna believe that Bill Spring is interested in keeping Joanna alive due to the reason that there is a clause according to which Bill will not be able to inherit Joana's estate unless he's been married to Joanna for two years. As the first searches were not successful, the legal issue had to be redefined. A living will allows a person to put into writing division is also a person regarding medical treatment for the end of life of such a person in case the person is not capable of communicating these which is directly. This document has been given different names in different States. However, regardless of the name of such a document, the purpose of this document is to guide the family and the doctors in making a decision regarding the use of medical treatment for the person at the end of life (Leahman, 2004). There are several cases in which the legal right provided by the Constitution to accept or refuse treatment has been acknowledged. It needs to be noted in this regard that there are certain events in case of which, the current last will of a person automatically changes. These events are managed, divorced and having children. Therefore, keeping in view this position of law, it can be said that the previous requests regarding final wishes also change after marriage. In this regard , it is also important to act in the best interest of the patient. Winters can appeal the decision on the ground that Joanna should be allowed to die in piece and should not be made to wait for two years so that Bill can inherit her estate. Scenario Two The search query in this case is if the medical prescription received by Shirley Baker in California is valid in Oklahoma or not. The first searches were successful in this case. Shirley had a medical prescription for marijuana in California but she decided to move to Oklahoma. However she was rested in Oklahoma for smoking marijuana. Therefore the question arises if California's prescription law can also be considered as applicable in Oklahoma. In order to decide this question first of all it needs to be decided if medical marijuana is recognized in Oklahoma. It needs to be noted in this regard that Oklahoma does not recognize medical marijuana. Therefore while going to other states, medical marijuana patients may face difficulties because there are many states that do not allow bringing their medical marijuana. As a result, if medical marijuana laws are not applicable in a particular State, the person can be arrested under possession laws. The situation remains the same even if the patient has been registered in his or her home State. On the basis of this discussion, it can be said that in the present case, California's prescription law is not applicable in Oklahoma because medical marijuana is not recognized in Oklahoma. Scenario Three The search query in the present case is if the same sex marriage between Joe Valle and Fred Hamper can be considered as valid in Georgia. In this case also the first searches were successful. In this regard, the Constitution of George clearly mentions in Article I Section IV that marriage shall be recognized only as the union of man and woman. Therefore, is that takes place between the persons of same sex are prohibited in Georgia. It has also been mentioned that the union between the persons of same sex shall not be recognized by Georgia as being entitled for the benefits of marriage. In this regard it has further been mentioned that your gesture not give effect to any public act, record or proceeding of any other State regarding the relationship between the persons of same that is considered as a managed under the laws of such State. Similarly, it has also been mentioned that the courts of Georgia will have no jurisdiction to grant a divorce or separate maintenance regarding any su ch relationship. On the basis of discussion, it can be clearly stated that the trial court appears to be correct when it gave its decision in favor of Big Time Insurance Company. Scenario Four The search query in this case is if the search conducted by the police officer is valid or not. The first searches were successful and relevant results were obtained. The most relevant result was the case of Horton v. California. In this regard, it can be claimed by Flora that the search conducted by the police officer had violated the ban imposed by the Fourth Amendment on unreasonable searches and seizures (United States v. Gray). However, it is not likely that Flora will be successful in this plea. The reason is that the police officer had visited the place in order to investigate another kind that has taken place in a nearby house. As a result, it can be said that the police officer was lawfully present there and the plants were in plain view (Cervantes, 2001). As a result, the police officer saw the plants. In this regard the doctrine of plain view that was propounded by the court in Horton v. California, 496 U.S. 128 (1990), an item can be seized by the police officer that is i n plain view and the criminal nature of that particular item is apparent immediately. The only requirement prescribed in this regard is that the officer should be lawfully present in the place where he saw the item (Minnesota v. Dickerson). As a result, in the present case is the police officer was capable of immediately telling that the item was probably marijuana and the plants could have been seen by the officer in plain view, it is likely that the search and seizure made by such officer will stand upon in an appeal preferred by Flora. Scenario Five The search query in the present case is if Mr. Incense has received inefficient assistance from his counsel. In this case also the first searches were successful and therefore there was no need to redefine the legal question. In Strickland v Washington, the United States Supreme Court provided the test that can be used for deciding ineffective assistance of the Counsel (Rigg, 2007). Therefore, for the purpose of establishing ineffective assistance of the counsel, it is required that Mr. Incense should establish that the performance of the autonomy was below the performance required by an objective standard of reasonableness used in the legal profession (McKay, 2013). At the same time, Mr. Incense is also required to establish that he had suffered a prejudice due to the inefficient counsel. In order to prove this prejudice, it is required that Mr. Incense should show that if these deficiencies would not have been present on part of his counsel, he would have received a different outco me (Kastenberg, 2013). References Casey Scott McKay, (2013) Constitutional Law-the Plea-Bargaining Process-Mr. Counsel, Please Bargain Effectively for Your Client's Sixth Amendment Rights, Otherwise the Trial Court Will Be Forced to Reoffer the Plea Deal and Then Exercise Discretion in Resentencing, 82 Miss. L.J. 731 Cervantes, Jorge (2001). Indoor Marijuana Horticulture. Van Patten Publishing Kastenberg, Joshua E, (2013) "Nearing Thirty Years: The Burger Court, Strickland v. Washington, and the Parameters of the Right to Counsel," Journal of Appellate Practice and Process, 14 J. App. Prac. Proc 215 Leahman D (2004). "Why the Patient Self-Determination Act has failed". N C Med J 65 (4): 24951. Rigg, Robert R. (2007). "The T-Rex without Teeth: Evolving Strickland v. Washington and the Test for Ineffective Assistance of Counsel". Pepperdine Law Review 35 (1): 77105. Yates JL, Glick HR (1997). "The failed Patient Self-Determination Act and policy alternatives for the right to die". J Aging Soc Policy 9 (4): 2950 Horton v. California, 496 U.S. 128 (1990) Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 United States v. Gray, 78 F. Supp. 2d 524 Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366, 375 (1993)

Educational Leadership Strategy and Collaboration †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Educational Leadership for Strategy and Collaboration. Answer: Introduction Everyday activities require some form of organization or pre-planned duties to be accomplished. The success of investment depends on well-calculated strategies. In a business set up, supervisors and managers cannot risk acting out of impulse since this may endanger the business(Adner, 2012). When all factors are held constant, the decisions made are to ensure set objectives are achieved. This does not rule out the possibility of an eventuality occurring thereby prompting the management to develop different strategies. It is necessary to understand planning processes, which include deliberate strategy, incremental strategy, and emergent strategy since they are used to secure the objectives of an institution. The deliberate strategy is a formal strategic planning process. It is rational since it evaluates strategic choices, alternatives and current position analysis. It involves other planning techniques like SWOT analysis(Betts, 2014, p. 45). The deliberate strategy is, therefore, the blueprint that formal businesses have to clearly show how they would achieve their objectives. The incremental strategy involves making small changes gradually over time to an already existing strategy. It is aimed at keeping the entity afloat and takes care of the small organizational and environmental changes the organization is operating in. Emergent strategy is an urgent plan used in response to unforeseen situation demanding an immediate action(Steiner, 2014). Organizations may develop new strategies to respond to unexpected opportunities. These strategies may not have been captured in the initial formal plan. A strategy is a model of organized activities especially in an organization that has been planned to achieve some given objectives. Some strategies could be short term or long term. Strategic plans for companies could be covering ten or more years in the future (Steiner, 2015). Some scholars have defined strategy as a pattern of activities adapted to organizations' operations, scope and resources that seek to achieve given objectives (Dransfield Needham, 2014, p. 77) Johnson and Scholes have brought in another view of strategy development as they have broadened it in three different ways. In their approach, they have employed the use of the term strategy lenses to describe strategy development. In their words, strategy is viewed as an experience, a design and ideas (Whittington, et al., 2013, p. 88) The experiences received in the past are taken as the guide for the future plans since the past failures and successes will influence the future strategies. Organizations decisions will be determined by their past experiences of the senior management. In this lens, precedence set will influence the future decisions (Freedman, 2013). Analysis of the current environment of operation has little influence over decisions made. This strategy relies heavily on assumptions in coming up with strategies. It is run by the senior management who stick to the culture of the entity. Strategy as design This approach views strategy development as a design. It asserts that strategy development is a logical process. The opportunities and constraints of an entity are carefully determined through analytical and evaluative techniques e.g. the SWOT analysis. After considering the forces that influence the organization, a strategic plan is established (Jackson, 2014, p. 56) This perspective considers strategy as a carefully thought out plan, a result of logical and analytical planning. The strategy is therefore planned at the senior managerial level then trickle down to the lower hierarchical levels, after which it is implemented. Viewed in its totality, it is similar to the deliberate planning process. This lens, suggests that strategies should be established after evaluating the available resources, the environment of operation visa viz the objectives of the entity. This design is spearheaded by the top management in the organization. This lens views strategy development as innovation and a result of the diversity of ideas. This approach emphasizes the need for promoting diversity in organizations. This will largely lead to a generation of new and diverse ideas. This view is fundamental since the people involved in the day to day running of the organization will have an opportunity to table their ideas(Ngeleza, 2012). This arrests the view that new ideas are not often generated by the senior management. Since people who carry out their jobs every day meet challenges in their line of duty, the dynamism in the environment is best understood by them. They are of help in coming up with original ideas that shall help deal with their immediate responsibilities. This approach relies on radical new ideas that come from people who bear responsibility in the organization. They all compete for the support of the management, this makes individuals come up with well thought out ideas that will win the confidence of the managerial staff who will finally see it implemented(Steiner, 2015). Strategy as a discourse This lens views strategy in terms of communication. The language is seen as a resource used by executives to shape strategic analysis to their personal views. It enables managers to develop and sustain the power that establishes their legitimacy. In this, they gain influence. Kind of planning has its own shortcomings. According to Steiner, (2015), this design is inaccurate as top-level management are not in touch with the daily developments. The general landscape of business and the environment of operation is dynamic. Whereas it may serve as to caution against losses based on managers past experiences, there are chances that changes which occur often in the business environment may have slipped their attention. Sticking to this strategy may disastrous. Developments that require the drastic change in strategies may remain unaddressed since the organization is not flexible to accommodate new strategies. This model, therefore, makes the management to be rigid and very conservative. The decisions are made with little reference to evaluating the current business environment and analyzing the company's, resources. Strategy as experience is embedded with the risk of failing to act and adjust according to environmental changes since strategies are based on past experiences. In view of strategy as ideas, everyone in the organization has an opportunity to air his ideas, in the event that managers have their favorite colleagues; the organization may easily be swayed in a given school of thought. This can disadvantage the organization especially if the same has come from one who is not professionally trained in the given field of concern. Supremacy battles can be waged between employees as everyone would be lobbying for their favorite theory to win the managerial confidence. This will affect the unity of the organization (Dransfield, 2012) Some ideas that emerge from the propagators may not have the adequate scholarly back up as some may be limited to a company's operation. This makes it difficult for an authoritative scientific analysis. It may result in trial and error of ideas. Strategy as a design is a rigid strategy to well-structured hierarchical organizations. In entities where the senior managers do not give instructions to employees, this design will not achieve the set objectives, given that the executive develops and follow it to its implementation. Conclusion Organizations are dynamic entities. Studies show that companies that plan are more successful than those that dont plan. In relation to the three lenses of strategy development, for the management to realize the set objectives, a clear-cut model has to be established. The pattern of activities adapted to organizations resources and operations is necessary. Strategies focus the organizations to look ahead as it provides direction. It is evident that no single strategy will guarantee success. It is prudent for organizations to blend the three strategic lenses in developing plans. Strategy as a design, when well thought out and implemented should form the backbone of our strategies as we use the other models to blend and come up with a super strategy. References Adner, R., 2012. The Wide Lenses: A New Strategy for Innovation. New York: Penguin. Betts, R. K., 2014. Lenses and Landmarks. Princeton: Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University. Dransfield, R., 2012. Corporate Strategy. Chicago: Heinemann. Dransfield, R. Needham, D., 2014. Business Studies. Fourth ed. New York: Penguin. Freedman, L., 2013. Strategy: A History. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. Jackson, D., 2014. Essential to strategic management. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Ngeleza, B., 2012. A Critique Of Prescriptive Views In Strategic Management. Research Gate, IV(10), pp. 1-2. Steiner, G. A., 2014. Strategic Planning. New York: Simon and Schuster. Steiner, G. A., 2015. Essentials of Strategic Planning. New York: Simon and Schuster. Whittington, R., Johnson, G. Kevan, S., 2013. Educational Leadership: Context, Strategy, and Collaboration. New York: CRC Press.

Appeals Process Paper Essay Sample free essay sample

When any suspect is found guilty. of any charge. is entitled to an entreaty to at least one degree of appellant tribunal ( Meyer A ; Grant. 2003 ) . An entreaty is when a suspect has already been found guilty in tribunal. and they decide to take it to a higher tribunal in order to alter the opinion ( Meyer A ; Grant. 2003 ) . Basically it is a procedure that takes topographic point. because the suspect and their lawyer do non experience that the finding of fact given was accurate ; and that could be due to many different grounds. Entreaties guarantee that there was a just test given and no rights were violated ( Meyer A ; Grant. 2003 ) . The entreaty procedure begins really shortly after the test. when the defence sends an entreaty to the tribunal. Entreaties factor in to the overall condemnable justness procedure. because in the terminal they can alter Torahs or amendments. The Miranda rights are a great illustration of this. We will write a custom essay sample on Appeals Process Paper Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They came approximately after person went back and challenged the tribunal. It was so that the Miranda rights became portion of the jurisprudence and the condemnable justness procedure. Just because a felon goes to tribunal and is decided guilty and is charged with whatever he/she was being charged with. does non intend that the procedure is over and he/she accepts the sentence and it is done. The suspect may make up ones mind something went incorrect or he/she has a manner of turn outing their artlessness. Then they will subject an entreaty and may stop up acquiring out of the original sentence given. This wholly changes up the condemnable processs and procedures. Nothing is perfect. and our entreaties system could ever utilize betterment. The entreaties system is widely recognized for its high quality service. However. I do non truly experience that the current system is wholly equipped to manage all of the entreaties that are coming in. The figure of entreaties has increased enormously over the past 10 old ages. If the system is non changed up a small spot so we will stop up over tally with entreaties and it will take longer and longer to really acquire them taken attention of. Not to advert certain degree tribunals will stop up with more complex entreaties than they are comfy handling or are even use to managing and you do non desire people managing instances that are excessively complex for them to be covering with. So the entreaties procedure was put in topographic point in order to see that the suspect was given a just test and was non violated of any rights. An entreaty takes topographic point when a suspect was found guilty to the charges being pressed against him/her and he/she decides to take it to a higher appellant tribunal in order to seek and turn out their artlessness ( Meyer A ; Grant. 2003 ) . An entreaty is a great thing available to the individual being sentenced. because frequently times they are charged with something falsely and are sentenced to prison where they may pass their full life. The entreaty allows them a 2nd opportunity in tribunal to turn out their artlessness and acquire out of the sentence. However. it does non ever work and may even stop up bing him/her an even worse sentence. particularly if he/she had managed to lose a really rough sentence the first clip such as decease. This is how it affects the condemnable procedure and processs. The fact that it was designed by adult male is proof plenty that it is non a perfect procedure. though. There are plentifulness of ways that it could better and one of the chief ways is doing certain there are adequate people to manage them so it does non take drawn-out periods of clip for the entreaty to be taken attention of or really be brought to tribunal. If person is in a bad place and they should non be so they should non hold to be stuck in that place while waiting hebdomads or even months for the entreaty to be taken attention of. That. nevertheless. is merely one of many things that should be taken attention of to hone the entreaties procedure. It is. though. so a really valuable procedure. Mention Page Meyer. J. F. . A ; Grant. D. R. ( 2003 ) . The tribunals in our condemnable justness system. Upper Saddle River. New jersey: Prentice Hall.

why smoking is hazordous essays

why smoking is hazordous essays In this report I will tell you the dangers of smoking. Smoking is one of the most preventable causes of death in our society. About one in five deaths in the US are results from using tobacco. More then half of all tobacco uses die much earlier then their normal life expectancy. Smokers could be losing an average of 20 to 25 years of their life. Smoking has numerous other effects as well. It leaves you reeking of smoke, yellows your teeth and hands, can give u respiratory and cardiovascular problems, and cause you to leave on the street due to the fact that your broke. Smoking is an expensive habit. The average cost of a pack is $3.00 and the average smoker smokes a pack a day. In one year thats wasting about $1095 or more a year! Thats a lot of money. The Tobacco industry makes billions of dollars each year off addicted smokers. The company adds nicotine, which is addictive to their cigarettes to try and prevent you from not buying their products. The nicotine can raise your blood pressure, heart rate, and the oxygen demand for muscles, mainly in the heart. This causes you to need deeper breaths after running or physical exercise and lessens your ability to perform well during sport activities. Second-hand smoke also affects others as well as you. Secondhand smoke comes from two places; smoke breathed out by the person who smokes, and smoke from the end of a burning cigarette. Secondhand smoke causes health effects, including cancer, breathing problems, and asthma. Secondhand smoke contains thousands of chemicals and majority of them are posions. Secondhand smoke is responsible for between 150,000 and 300,000 respiratory infections in infants and children under 18 months. Around the same number of adults occur similar problems each year. About 37,000 non-smokers die each year because of it. A person who doesnt smoke married to a smoker has a 30% greater chance of getting lung cancer than the wife/husband of ...

Traditional way of teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Traditional way of teaching - Essay Example Knowledge is what we gain from experience. People often end up believing something else which may or not be true just for satisfaction. He stresses upon the need to gain knowledge through physiological reasoning. His theory compromises of several factors which support each other to outline his theory. He started with a cave, in which there were prisoners. The prisoners were fixed to some rocks. All they are allowed to look at it a wall. People outside the cave walk along carrying stuff on their head which might be animal or a person. All they are left to see are shadows. Then follows the guessing game of which shadow would appear next. If any of the prisoners guessed correctly, the others would end up praising him. Then Plato writes that if one of the prisoners had escaped the cave he would have realized that all that they have been thinking was wrong. He would be stunned at the world he discovers outside the cave and does not believe it. That is where he finds out that his former point of view of the world was false. He discovers the sun and the benefit of the sun and the outside gist of nature. Then Plato writes then again had that prisoner returned to the cave his old fellow prisoners would have offended by the truth he told them. The way Plato has designed this example emphasizes the importance of knowledge. It also shed light on the fact that we take wrong meaning of things due to lack of knowledge. Paulo stresses for the need of personal experience and psychological thinking to quest the thirst of knowledge. He says that people believe what they are showed without even questioning. With knowledge comes goodness because that’s what knowledge engraves in us. To be a better person and to do the right thing at the right time is a responsibility we all should accept. Ethics has two ways. They may be called the good and the right. The right has to do

Service Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Service Management - Assignment Example rt charging their clients for the value of the "transformation" which the experience provides, for instance, as education offerings may do if they were capable of participating in the value, which is created through the educated person (Pine and Gilmore 2). This, it is argued in the article, is simply a natural evolution in the value imposed by the business in addition to its inputs. According to the article, even if the idea of the Experience Economy was given birth to in the business field, it has crossed over its frontiers to fields such as tourism, architecture, urban planners, nursing and many other fields in the economy. The article also considers the Experience Economy as the main foundation for client experience management. In the hospitality management academic programs, both in the United States and Europe, Experience Economy is frequently shortened to Exponomy plus is of rising focus (Pine and Gilmore 3). The article consider experience as the fourth economic offering, but one that until recently gone unacknowledged. Experiences have existed ever since, but businesses, their clients, together with economists, lumped them into the service field, as well as such uneventful events such as auto repair, dry cleaning, wholesale distribution together with telephone access. When an individual pays for a service, he or she pays for a set of intangible events done on his or her behalf (Pine and Gilmore 3). However, when they pay for experience, they pay to spend their time enjoying or benefiting from a string of memorable activities, which a business stages to engage them in a more personal way (Pine and Gilmore 3). As a customer, I have had two types of experiences in the economic world, good and bad, which have made me loyal to some businesses and never to return to others after experiencing what they had to offer. I have been loyal to the person who sells me Blue Ray DvDs because of the experience I get when visiting his store. Every time I visit his store, he

Pepsi Cola International (PCI) in Ukraine Essay

Pepsi Cola International (PCI) in Ukraine - Essay Example Pepsi Cola International (PCI) in Ukraine One of the major challenges faced by Pepsi Cola International in this region is the poor infrastructure because of which too much time is taken to distribute goods throughout the region. The other challenge that Pepsi has been facing in Ukraine is about storing of goods because of lack of sufficient warehouse. Pepsi has also problems in distributing its goods in village areas of the country as people in such regions are not able to get the supplies of Pepsi despite of the fact that they want to drink the Cola. With inefficient logistics and supply chain in the country, different intermediaries have come up which are trying to capitalize on the situation by making the most of this opportunity and trying to sell the cola after keeping some profit. Thus, this is making the price of Pepsi to increase. In addition to this problems faced by one of the largest beverages companies of the world, firms in Ukraine have to face substantial tax rate in the country as the tax is imposed on 90% of the total sales of the company and therefore organisations are forced to misrepresent their actual sales and actual financial statements to improve their profitability. Currently the Coca Cola has built a bottling plant to capture the market of Ukraine despite of the fact that Pepsi has been the most favourite cola in the country for years. Therefore with the introduction of Coca Cola in the Ukraine market, the management is currently business practices and evaluating whether a change is necessary or not.

Consequences Of Global Overfishing Environmental Sciences Essay

Consequences Of Global Overfishing Environmental Sciences Essay This essay covers the world crisis of overfishing and its effects on the global economic and environment. Essay has found that fisheries are facing unusual crisis due to overfishing and overfishing is further threaten to the future sustainability of fisheries, the livelihoods of coastal fisheries and ecosystems. The reason of overfishing is associated with increasing population of the world which demonstrates increased food requirements for the population. In consequence, increased food requirement has led to overfishing. As a result of overfishing, marine species have declined in population and causing change to marine ecosystems (Peter, 1994). This essay is concerned about the issue of overfishing, reason of overfishing and after-effects of overfishing. Other main concern of the easy is the role of large countries and multinational corporations and in the same regard, economic and commercial issues will also cover to understand how trade factors like exceeding quotas and commercial fishermen are more likely to be responsible for overfishing. Fish is the basic source of protein for 950 million people around the world and it is included as basic diet of many people. Fisheries are also important source of employment and 200 million people around the globe are associated with fishing for their survival (Fontaubert Lutchman, 2003). In addition, according to Dommen and Deere (1991), 40% of the global fishery production enters into international trade market with half of fishery which exports from developing countries. According to report of Gareth Porter (2003), Fisheries Subsidies and Overfishing: Towards a Structured Discussion released under United Nations Environment Programme, with expanding fishing in recent years there has been a considerable reduction in fish stocks and this reduction is more preferably observed in species for human consumption such as cod, haddock and plaice. Since 1950, fisheries production has increased about 6 % which is now fallen to zero (Miller Spoolman ¸2008). There is evidence for economic and environment harm causing due to overfishing whereas reduction in fishes has declined 100,000 jobs in last few years. Moreover, owing to these implications the cost of fishes in local markets have unusually risen (Weber, 1994). Considering all these consequences, overfishing has become one of the most serious environment and economic issues around the world. With the passing time it has become the tragedy of commons and situation of lack of property rights provides an open opportunity for everyone to catch as much fishes as they want regardless of considering for future. Under condition of tough competition commercial fishermen endeavor to deplete the seas as any fish left behind can be caught by someone else. As a result, world is going through common tragedy to which they are failed to addressed properly (Alessi, 2004). Overfishing and its Implications By definition overfishing is catching of exceeding number of fishes in order to hold sustainable fishing system by doing overfishing. Commonly, overfishing takes place when stock of fishes lose their stock down to an acceptable level. As a result of overfishing, fishes lose their capacity to survive as they largely depend on sea creature and able to breed new generation. An example of adverse effects of overfishing is that overfishing of sharks has led to upset the marine ecosystems (Shark Declines Threaten Shellfish Stocks, Study Says, National Geographic News, 2007). The fisherys potential to recover from the overfishing relies on the suitability of ecosystem  condition. Unusual changes in the composition of species can also lead to shift in ecosystem where other equilibrium energy flows encompasses the species compositions. However, there are number of factors involved in the overfishing in the world, but many studies have revealed that with the increasing activities of human an d extended living style, oceans are ruined and losing their natural beauty. In addition, in 1997, 50% of worlds population was located in sea areas including big cities of the world. This percentage is expected to remarkably increase to 75% (Marine environment and sustainable development, 2002). There is immense importance of coastal areas as they provide many resources for sustainability in the worlds economy and also extraordinary influence on economic and social advantages. It is estimated that 90% of international trade depends on marine transportation. Moreover, coastal resources provide 25 to 30 per cent to the global energy supplies. Fisheries also create jobs and demonstrate rapidly growing industry which is estimated to give 30 per cent of the worlds fish consumption (Porter, 1998). Moreover, tourism is another fastest growing industry while only coastal tourism generates $3.5 trillion in revenues. Thus, all these economic activities and growth in population is placing great impact on the importance of marine areas. Causes of Overfishing Despite the fact that increasing population has required more food and more demand of food has led to overfishing, there are some other reasons that cause overfishing (Nordquist Moore, 2000). Many reports reveal that fishing is the only industry in the world without any restriction and such open access of fishing makes fisheries to do overfishing (Fontaubert Lutchman, 2003). The fishermen have increased double in 25 past years. In addition, the reason that fishing is free and open access to fishing persuades many people to do overfishing without taking care of maintaining the fish stock. Second are the government subsidies to overfishing. Study of World Bank has estimated that even though subsidies are declining yet it is worth $20 billion a year. Moreover, fisheries also provide jobs especially in poor countries which further help them to expand their industry. Subsidies also lead many companies to develop high-tech fishing which causes overfishing. Since fishing industry is taken into account as the best source of employment and export revenue, this is further leading to overfishing around the world. However, increase growth rate is questionable for the sustainability of the industry; therefore international environment communities are concerned about this issue. Another reason to which overfishing is associated is the increasing technological advancement. Invention of distant water fleets have brought about the fishing industry to developing countries which do not possess large fleets for fishing. Many marine creatures have constant threat from the invention of technological development. Moreover, excessive trawling and dredging with poisonous and explosive materials have negative ecological impact (Miller Spoolman ¸2008). Other than that, unwanted fishes cause depletion of fish stocks, on the other hand, fishermen with the imposition of quotas on the number of fishes discard low value fish and hold only high value fishes. Discarded fish amounts20 milli on tons and it accounts for one fourth of the annual marine catch. Effects and Consequences of Overfishing According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, there is 47% exploitation of world fish stocks and this leads to less expansion of marine creature in future. However, there are major changes in the composition of catching world marine species as they are caught when they are not grown or immature. With the decreasing harvesting, the fish prices are accelerating and making it less affordable fish. According to report, in 2002, 72% of the worlds marine fishes stock is harvested faster than their reproduction. Other than that, there are some negative effects on marine ecosystems. For this reason, there is greatest concern over the rapid depletion of fish population due to extensive commercial fishing. Moreover, world fish population has immensely dropped in the history while most of fish population has 90% declined. This increase number of decline in the population of fish has caused changes to marine ecosystems and also endangering the total productivity of sea creature. As a result of declining rate of production and its impact on marine ecosystems, people around the world are suffering. The consequences of overfishing can be classified into two major concerns including environment and economic consequences. As far as environment consequences of overfishing are concerned, overfishing may cause reduced harvest of targeted fish and excessive harvest of non-targeted, undersized and protected fished and at last ecosystem changes. In addition, consistent overfishing can possibly eliminate the largest fish population. Overfished population is characterized by the less productive fish which leads to decline in the fish stocks. Harvest of non-targeted marine species or bycatch is estima ted to form one quarter of world total fish catch. The bycatch method requires unwanted caught fishes to be discarded and at the time of discarding they are dead. The catching of unwanted fishes and marine species depend on the ways or fishing gears used to do fishing. Various types of fishing gears used are not capable of catching particular fish and usually trap unwanted catch. On the other hand, longlines can catch seabirds, turtles and other non-targeted fish along with the targeted catch. The use of gillnets catch seabirds, and other discarded fishes. Gillnets usually catch and kill marine species through ghost fishing. Trawls are specific to catch non-selective fishes and catch many different marine animals. Environmentally overfishing can have immense adverse effects on the ecosystem. In 1990, world total catch had reached a plateau. This plateau is maintained by changes in species composition (Porter, 2003). The most demanded fishes tend to be fished the most. Once one demanded species is depleted fishing moves down the food chain and decrease the marine ecosystem. Thus, considerable environmental changes can bring about negative effects on the fish production levels. Moreover, overfishing can also lead to changes in marine food web while leaving negative effects on the other marine species. Overfishing has indirect possible impact on the change of ecosystems such as coral reef ecosystems (Fontaubert Lutchman, 2003). This occurs due to removal of plant eating fishes with the reduction in plant grazing. Thus reduction in grazing allows the algae to coexist with corals to grow and possibly take over, particularly when there is high level of nitrogen in water. It occurs due to reduction in light that allow entering into water and then algae contribute to the loss of corals while relying on light. Besides environmental consequences caused by overfishing, there are economic consequences such as number of environmental costs, and mismanagement of fisheries can lead to loss of number of marine species as a result of rise in harvest. Fishery resources with best management can give total rise10 million metric tons in harvest which adds annually $16 billio n to worldwide gross revenues. Other consequences are accounted as reduction in numbers of fishes and size of fishes. There is remarkable decline in the stock of fishes and it is frequently leading to decreasing safe biological limits. Thus, undefined quantity of fish stocks has risen with the time. Moreover, reduction in size of fishes, which is not total amount of adult fishes but also average size of fish, has also decreased. As measured in 2008, the size of a cod is often considerably less than this at 33cm. reduction in the length of fishes has been measured for many marine species. Overfishing is more often caused by excessive bycatch which contributes to the fishing industry. Thus economy cost includes decreased food production in fisheries directed at the adult marine animal of young discarded in other fisheries and further decreases the employment in fisheries. Eventually overfishing causes significant effect on the economic and environment costs (Miller Spoolman ¸2008). The prevention of overfishing a nd allowing the stock to rebuild can considerably improve the stock productivity and maximize the revenue for industry. Therefore, there is need to adopt such measures that helps to stabilize both resources and industry (Somma, 2003). Subsidies Policy for Overfishing Many suggest that fishing crisis caused by overfishing can be controlled using subsides but at the same time subsidies is identified as root cause of the problem. By using effective funds, subsidies can be helpful to stimulate fishing practice which can overcome fishing crisis. In order to further protect the fishing, government authorities must consider over elimination of harmful government subsidies for this purpose funds need to be redirected towards causes like reduction in capacity, the creation of stock recovery, and stock assessments (Nordquist Moore, 2000). Moreover, the funding legislation structure can be used to influence to supporting sustainable fishing practices. However, subsidies can be good preventive measures but inappropriate subsidies of governments of the world are likely to earn more by increased subsidies although they can maintain the capacity of fishing fleets. In consequences, the creation of fishing controlling policies are promoting the overfishing rathe r than preventing the overfishing (Fontaubert Lutchman, 2003). The implementation of such policies which are intended to increase the overfishing must be eliminated or modified to be useful for saving the fish stocks. Despite the fact that governments can support the policy of anti overfishing but they are reluctant to remove such subsidies as they are more concerned about the fishing industry and other possible negative socio-economic implications for fishing communities. Many countries are increasing fleet modernization subsidies even though there is severe overfishing, other countries which reduced pressure from fishing has caused economic and social problems along the coast. Fishing Regulation and Impact on Overfishing There are prevailing fishing regulations such as quotas, property rights and protected or banned areas but they are not enforced (Porter, 1998). There is difficulty found in enforcing such regulations by government and it is more problematic in developing countries. As a result of inappropriate enforcement or negligence of government regarding protecting seas species it has been identified as cause of overexploitation. Inefficiency of government specifically in developing countries to enforce such regulations is considered as further incentive for a big scale industrial vessel. In addition, even though these regulations are implemented strictly, there is further possibility of illegal fishing which is very common in developing countries (Nordquist Moore, 2000). Role of Developed Countries in Overfishing The role of developed countries about overfishing is likely to more flourish the fishery industry in the world. Most of the EU countries including Britain, Spain, Denmark and France have encouraged the overfishing over the years and are aiding to fishery industry. A report has revealed that 29 percent of the EU has taken such measures that contribute to overfishing in the region. These contributions are justified with the modernization of fleet constructions. In addition, 17% is bestowed to take measures for healthy fisheries and fishing bans. Moreover, EU subsidies for fishing seemed to incapable in reducing the overcapacity of fleets which applies fishing pressure on the fishes stock. The important fish stock of EU has been engaged in overfishing which mainly includes sharks and prawns (Nordquist Moore, 2000). Ways to Combat Overfishing However, there are number of countries which recognized this issue as global problem and taking considerable measures for combating overfishing by imposing subsidies over fleet construction, the role of developed countries has been observed a little which indicates great hindrance for combating the overfishing. Many nations of the world have jointly agreed on the plan to overcome the severity of the problem through protecting the worlds major marine fishery resources, other destructive and wasteful fishing activity. For this reason an international plan of action for the management of fishing capacity has been designed to achieve the efficient and transparent fishing capacity management. Food and Agriculture Organization has estimated that in 1995 the world fishing fleet were about 3.8 million in numbers with 1.2 million vessels had storage space. Furthermore, in order to overcome the overfishing the first thing required is the reduction in the number of fishing fleets. Since reducti on in fishing capacity can be achieved by relocation of vessels in other countries fisheries, fisheries is usually a serious issue butt does not contribute to a global reduction of fishing capacity (Dommen et al, 1999). Even though there is great consideration over the matter of reducing the fishing capacity in highly populous country but mostly developed countries do not intend to reduce or change the fishing pattern on account of increasing social pressure. In this regard, the best way is to reduce bycatch could be effective for lowering the overfishing. For this purpose nations of the world have to take stronger enforcement and better regulation into consideration. Currently there are a few countries which have considered about imposing such ban or restriction on bottom trawling such as Scotland, Philippines, Greece, New Zealand and Kenya. Since there is record recovery measured in these courtiers after implementation of these principles, there is great concern of the developed c ountries which have not yet shown interest in implementing such regulations (Peter, 1994). Most recently, Economic and Trade Branch of the United Nations Environment Programmes has arranged workshop program on Fishery Subsidies and Sustainable Fisheries Management. The purpose of this workshop was to offer a platform for nations to share their opinions and effects of subsidies on the fisheries. Another example for combating overfishing can be drawn from the fishery policy of European Council of Fisheries Ministers that has taken long term recovery plan for fish stocks. The council plan proposal has resulted in some conflicts but after some social considerations such as allowing fishermen to fish at low level and not to stop them on the whole there is mutual consent over preventing overfishing. Besides, there is need to adopt some common strategies which provide commitment between upstream and downstream countries. Moreover, with mutual consent, nations can develop an international governance framework that allocates the water on equitable basis. Furthermore, since protection of ecosystems, which is in danger due to overfishing, must be considered by improving the policies for aquatic ecosystems protection and pricing products. Through improving the ecosystems protection and pricing products social and economical cost of the natural resources can be saved. In this respect, raising both public and political awareness is also significant which possesses concept of ecosystem-based management like integrated coastal zone. Natural resource management, which referred to the management of land, water and other natural resources, can be used as tool to promote the sustainable use of aquatic ecosystems. Conclusion With greater understanding about the importance of fishing in the economic and social effects, it is concluded that fishes are the most vital source of nourishment. Widespread overfishing has been causing the world to face numerous problems in regard to adverse environment effects and significant economic consequences. Since the poorest nations of the world are more likely to depend on the fishing for their survival, international organization must consider over such resolution which not only provides ultimate solution to environment problem but also decreases the possibility of deteriorating economic condition of the nations which is already in plague.

Tibetan Oracles :: Tibet Religion Papers

Tibetan Oracles In Tibetan tradition, the word oracle, or kuten, literally interpreted means â€Å"the physical basis.† The word oracle is also used to define the spirit which enters into men and women who are acting as a medium between the spiritual and natural realms. Oracles serve as a guide for Tibetans in political decisions, predictions about natural forces, etc. Their decisions help guide internal and external affairs. They most clearly demonstrate their function while in trance. In this mind-altered state prophecies and predictions are made about questions asked. Their answers are taken seriously by Tibetans and high-standing political and religious individuals. The occurrences that take place while in trance cannot all be explained by scientific means and there is some spiritual force acting on the situation. To fully understand Tibetan oracles and their trances, some background information about them must be given. The first recognized Nechung oracle was realized in 1544 AD. This was the first time that the spirit of Nechung was possessed in a human being. The name of oracle was Drag Trang Go-Wa Lobsang Palden. Many oracles used to be present in Tibet, but their numbers have diminished as a result of various factors such as Chinese occupation. However, the phenomenon of oracles still remains central to Tibetan life. The oracle is not only used to predict the future, but they are also sometimes used as protectors and healers. The main function of oracles in Tibet is to answer tough questions about internal and external affairs both religious and political. They way that this is most effectively performed and acted upon is through possession or trance induction. Trance induction in the Tibetan State Oracle is a complex process involving certain physical deprivations and stimuli from various sources of anything from music to hyperventilation. Symbolic elements as well as visualizations induce possession and trance in the oracle. (Ellingson 58) Certain questions about the spirituality of the oracles arise. It could be argued that oracles are taught to act in spiritual ways and that these actions are just reproductions of what they have been taught. Tibetan Oracles :: Tibet Religion Papers Tibetan Oracles In Tibetan tradition, the word oracle, or kuten, literally interpreted means â€Å"the physical basis.† The word oracle is also used to define the spirit which enters into men and women who are acting as a medium between the spiritual and natural realms. Oracles serve as a guide for Tibetans in political decisions, predictions about natural forces, etc. Their decisions help guide internal and external affairs. They most clearly demonstrate their function while in trance. In this mind-altered state prophecies and predictions are made about questions asked. Their answers are taken seriously by Tibetans and high-standing political and religious individuals. The occurrences that take place while in trance cannot all be explained by scientific means and there is some spiritual force acting on the situation. To fully understand Tibetan oracles and their trances, some background information about them must be given. The first recognized Nechung oracle was realized in 1544 AD. This was the first time that the spirit of Nechung was possessed in a human being. The name of oracle was Drag Trang Go-Wa Lobsang Palden. Many oracles used to be present in Tibet, but their numbers have diminished as a result of various factors such as Chinese occupation. However, the phenomenon of oracles still remains central to Tibetan life. The oracle is not only used to predict the future, but they are also sometimes used as protectors and healers. The main function of oracles in Tibet is to answer tough questions about internal and external affairs both religious and political. They way that this is most effectively performed and acted upon is through possession or trance induction. Trance induction in the Tibetan State Oracle is a complex process involving certain physical deprivations and stimuli from various sources of anything from music to hyperventilation. Symbolic elements as well as visualizations induce possession and trance in the oracle. (Ellingson 58) Certain questions about the spirituality of the oracles arise. It could be argued that oracles are taught to act in spiritual ways and that these actions are just reproductions of what they have been taught.

Multimedia Technology Essay

This paper critically examines the affects of eCommerce on organisations and the significant growth of the technology. Many organisations are adopting the new technology to retain excellent relationship with customers, and the significant growth of eCommerce application is discussed and noted in this paper. This growth has raised numbers of security concerns and this paper outlines the security risks that associates with eCommerce and describes a number of ways to maintain and reduce the risks. In this paper, it is demonstrate how Cascading Style Sheet can be used to control the appearance and structure of the web-site, and also examine the use of open source reflective programming languages mainly used to develop server-side application and dynamic web content. This paper also examines the use of open source MySQL database application and its ability to store, retrieve and search data. By creating the web-site application, it shows how Cascading Style Sheet can control the appearance and structure of web-sites, and PREFACE The purpose of this project is to describe the essentials of eCommerce, how it is conducted and managed as well as assessing its limitation, issues and risks. An eCommerce is an interesting topic and it interest people in government, educational, heath services and other areas will benefit from the knowledge of eCommerce. Today eCommerce is going through a period of change for new technologies and ideas to be adapted to strategy implementation and profitability. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, my most heartfelt thanks go to the lord (Allah), for given me strength and knowledge to complete this project. Next, I thank my family especially my parents for showing concern and frequently enquiring how well I was doing and frequently asking when I was going to finish my project. Next is my partner Shada Abood who has been the most supportive, enthusiastic and constantly trying to help to test my product and spotting any mistakes in this report. I also thank my supervisor Nigel Newbutt, who was very supportive and was there to advise me when I had a family problem. Special thanks go to the technicians at King William Lab; I appreciate their support and valuable contribution. Finally, I would like to thank my friends for understanding for being antisocial to complete this project.

History of the Oven From Cast Iron to Electric

History of the Oven From Cast Iron to Electric Ancient people first began cooking on open fires. The cooking fires were placed on the ground and later simple masonry construction was used to hold the wood and/or food. Simple ovens were used by the ancient Greeks for making bread and other baked goods. By the middle ages, taller brick mortar hearths, often with chimneys were being built. The food to be cooked was often placed in metal cauldrons that were hung above the fire. The first written historical record of an oven being built refers to an oven built in 1490 in Alsace, France. This oven was made entirely of brick and tile, including the flue. Improvements to Wood Burning Ovens Inventors began making improvements to wood burning stoves primarily to contain the bothersome smoke that was being produced. Fire chambers were invented that contained the wood fire, and holes were built into the top of these chambers so that cooking pots with flat bottoms could be placed directly upon replacing the cauldron. One masonry design of note was the 1735 Castrol stove (aka stew stove). This was invented by French architect Franà §ois Cuvillià ©s. It was able to completely contain the fire and had several openings covered by iron plates with holes. Iron Stoves Around 1728, cast iron ovens really began to be made in high quantities. These first ovens of German design were called Five-plate or Jamb stoves. Around 1800, Count Rumford (aka Benjamin Thompson) invented a working iron kitchen stove called the Rumford stove that was designed for very large working kitchens. The Rumford had one fire source that could heat several cooking pots.  The heating level for each pot could also be regulated individually. However, the Rumford stove was too large for the average kitchen and inventors had to continue to improve their designs. One successful and compact cast iron design was Stewarts Oberlin iron stove, patented in 1834. Cast iron stoves continued to evolve, with iron gratings added to the cooking holes, and added chimneys and connecting flue pipes. Coal and Kerosene Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist designed the first sootless kerosene oven. Jordan Mott invented the first practical coal oven in 1833. Motts oven was called the baseburner. The oven had ventilation to burn the coal efficiently. The coal oven was cylindrical and was made of heavy cast iron with a hole in the top, which was then enclosed by an iron ring. Gas British inventor  James Sharp patented a gas oven in 1826, the first semi-successful gas oven to appear on the market. Gas ovens were found in most households by the 1920s with top burners and interior ovens. The evolution of gas stoves was delayed until gas lines that could furnish gas to households became common. During the 1910s, gas stoves appeared with enamel coatings that made the stoves easier to clean. One important gas design of note was the AGA cooker invented in 1922 by Swedish Nobel prize winner Gustaf Dalà ©n. Electricity It was not until the late 1920s and early 1930s that electric ovens began to compete with gas ovens.  Electric ovens were available as early as the 1890s. However, at that time, the technology and distribution of the electricity needed to power these early electric appliances still needed improvements. Some historians credit  Canadian Thomas Ahearn with inventing the first electric oven in 1882. Thomas Ahearn and his business partner Warren Y. Soper owned the Chaudiere Electric Light and Power Company of Ottawa. However, the Ahearn oven was only put into service in 1892, in the Windsor Hotel in Ottawa. The Carpenter Electric Heating Manufacturing Company invented an electric oven in 1891. An electric stove was exhibited at the Chicago Worlds Fair in 1893. On June 30, 1896, William Hadaway was issued the first patent for an electric oven. In 1910, William Hadaway went on to design the first toaster made by Westinghouse, a horizontal combination toaster-cooker. One major improvement in electric ovens was the invention of resistor heating coils, a familiar design in ovens also seen in hotplates. Microwaves The microwave oven was a by-product of another technology. It was during a radar-related research project around 1946 that Dr. Percy Spencer, an engineer with the Raytheon Corporation, noticed something very unusual when he was standing in front of an active combat radar. The candy bar in his pocket melted. He began to investigate and soon enough, the microwave oven was invented.

Jewish ghettos (Holocaust) essays

Jewish ghettos (Holocaust) essays It can be agreed on that the ghettos established as part of the Nazi regime to put an answer to the Jewish question all have something in common. They were all populated by European Jews; they were all established to segregate the Jewish race from the rest of the population; smuggling was rampant in all ghettos; and the living conditions were all sub standard with a large number of Jews dying whilst living in the ghettos. However, like all things in life, the ghettos in wartime Europe all had their differences. Whether it be in size, location, population or any other defining factor, no ghetto was exactly the same as another. The ghettos were placed under the administrative control of the Jewish council or Judenrate, however, although Jews ran the ghettos, they were subject to superior German control and had to enforce any order given. Progressively, from 1941 until the end of the war, the ghetto leadership was forced to give up Jews for deportation to death camps as ghettos were liquidated. The Jewish leadership had little option but comply with German order or suffer the ultimate consequence. As the Jewish Council was forced to comply with German rule in choosing people to deport from the ghettos, in most cases, it was difficult in choosing who was to go and who was to stay behind. Chaim Rumkowski, leader of the Jewish council in the Lodz ghetto, states the following in a speech: Im just a servant of the authorities. I have to bow my head and do as Im told. The Jewish authorities are definitely doing all that can be done. This line appropriately describes the situation council leaders faced in each ghetto. Although having considerable influence, the Jewish leaders were sheer instruments of German authorities. This was evident in the high mortality rate of rebel leaders. Jewish council leaders did feel obligated to care for the population of their g...

Economic downturn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Economic downturn - Essay Example Another cause of this economic downturn is borrowing and lending of money. For example, the banks of developed countries are keen to lend to developing countries. This makes both the lender and the borrower unstable as the lender is not left with any money for his use and the borrower gets deeper into the loan. Due to this system, the financial intervention has changed into globalized finance. In addition to that, shortages of basic necessities especially food, have also caused many economies to ruin. Recently these crises are increasing at a staggering rate. These shortages cause developed countries to be crushed under the loans from developed ones. Fluctuations in the real estate markets also fuel the downturn of any economy. For example the collapse of Lehmann brothers caused a great downturn in the US economy. Housing, being one of the basic necessities of life, has a great impact on the lives of the people. Large financial institutions invest in housing as it is a productive sec tor. People also borrow money to buy houses and expect the prices to rise so that they can get profit. The variations in the exchange rates also trigger the economic recession. An appreciation in a countries exchange rate can cause problems for other countries as well.

Social work reflective practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Social work reflective practice - Essay Example 26). Social workers in general are usually encouraged to think according to the terms of supervision, ground-breaking approach and eclecticism in extensive ranging. Consequently, a social psychological perspective on social occupation service is both obligatory and crucial for this assortment of concern. Problem solving and learning are very closely related. Problem solving involves the knowledge required by the responder which on the other hand learning fulfills it completely. There are different methods to problem solving that enables one to solve different problems, conflicts and many more issues (Reamer 2013, p. 36). All these methods require one to first identify the problem. The reflection can be used as the core process of solving or analyzing the problem at hand, which in this case is a conflict between two teenagers involved in a fight with an extend of both admitted to the hospital by the police. In this project, the reflective model will help the responder to fully adapt to the task which is the conflict. The two teenagers stared and argued just because of a mere issue, which led them to a fierce fight. That which is commonly known as â€Å"intelligence† is surely the result of the interaction of a great number of cognitive The use of motivation and knowing the background will; however, help me know the cause of the fight, which will be brought about abilities such as motor control, vision, learning, problem solving, and language use, just to name a few (Akhtar 2013, p. 55). Yet, most researchers do not fully exploit the constraints that these faculties impose on one another. For example, research on problem solving often assumes the existence of rich domain knowledge for solving complex problems, but it is typical ignores the issue the acquisition of the assumed knowledge. Similarly, research on learning often views the learner as an entity unto itself, and focuses

WEEK 1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

WEEK 1 - Coursework Example Laws are necessary because it is almost impossible to put together large groups of people without governing them by a standard set of generally accepted concepts and behavior. Without laws, people will be free to do anything they want without consideration for other people around them. Absence of laws will create inequality, because everyone will merely be governed by â€Å"instincts,† where only the strong and powerful can survive. For example, in history, when the populations of the colonies began to grow, the differences between these colonies grew as well (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 7). These differences, when not contained properly, or channeled effectively, will cause chaos among people and cause deterioration to the structure of a society. The nation was founded on the idea of societal cohesiveness, that is â€Å"one nation, with liberty and justice for all† (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 15). The negative effect of pluralism is the problem of vast differences among people who, despite belonging to different groups, still try to live with each other in peace and order. Differences in ideas, beliefs, and even culture makes it harder to formulate a constitution that is fit and just for everyone involved. Framers of the Constitution recognized that the people are the power (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 15), and if the people are the power, then there will be several â€Å"powers† to consider when framing the laws that will benefit everyone. From a personal viewpoint, it must have been quite hard to welcome diversity based on the want for equality for all. There must have been a thin line between suppression and exploitation of the differences of each group, and structuring a society that is fit for everyone. In looking at the Boston Tea Party, it could be said that it was a success. It provoke such reaction from Great Britain,which prompted the King to pass â€Å"intolerable acts† to the people. These acts were a) restrictions to town meetings, b)

Portrayals and portraits Essay Example for Free

Portrayals and portraits Essay The processes of public memory in regard to Sojourner Truth already are framed by the multiple figurations that existed in the public consciousness prior to the three specific commemorative campaigns that form the focus of this study. Although some of the specific details vary, the basic outlines of Truths life are accessible. Born as a slave in upstate New York around 1797 and originally named Isabella, Truth was freed according to the dictates of state law in 1827. She adopted the name of Sojourner Truth and began a life of freedom that progressed through three distinct stages. The first stage is marked by her involvement with the Kingdom, an infamous religious community led Robert Matthews, also know as Matthias. After Truth left the Kingdom in 1834 she traveled through New York and Connecticut, speaking at various religious camp meetings. Friends eventually directed her to the Northampton Association of Education and Industry in Massachusetts, a group founded on socialist and transcendentalist ideas. In this second stage, Truths involvement with the Northampton group introduced her to several notable public advocates, including William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and Olive Gilbert, who would later become her first collaborator on her Narrative (Fitch Mandziuk, 1997, p. 16). When the Northampton Association disbanded in 1849, Truth entered her third stage as an advocate for the anti-slavery and womens rights causes. She lived and traveled in Ohio for a few years, finally settling in Battle Creek, Michigan in 1857 where she resided until her death. During this third stage, Truth traveled widely through eastern and mid-western states, often appearing as a popular speaker at conventions and meetings. Among the events in this third stage of Truths life that have become the fuel for her mythic meanings were her famous 1851 speech at a womens rights convention in Akron, Ohio and an 1858 confrontation with a hostile male audience in Silver Lake, Indiana where she bared her breast to prove she was female. In her own time, Truths contemporaries in their descriptions and accounts had transformed her tale variously to depict her as a tragic victim of slavery, a religious pilgrim, a comic caricature, and a fiery orator and advocate for womens rights (Fitch Mandziuk, 1997; Mabee Newhouse, 1993; Mandziuk Fitch, 2001; Painter 1994, 1996). While it is impossible to know how much control Truth actually exerted over the costuming and posing of these images, they do offer a striking alternative to the often grotesque, defiant, or devout descriptions of her that were available in print at the time. In all but one, Truth is seated. In these she is located in settings containing middle-class accoutrements such as bookcases, carved chairs, flowers, and books. In all of the portraits she is dressed in a fringed shawl and wears tailored clothing of heavy, patterned fabrics. In some she holds knitting; in one an open portrait of a young male rests in her lap. In the other portrait she is standing, her right hand resting on a cane with her left arm at her side. In all but two, she wears eyeglasses. In some she looks past the camera, directing her glance sideways or downward; in others her glance is more leveled and direct. The images are striking for their middle-class depictions; as Painter (1996) observes, In none of these portraits is there anything beyond blackness that would inspire charitynothing of the piteous slave mother or the weird Matthias Kingdom, no bared arms, no bodice taken down in public, nothing of Stowes amusing naif. The cartes de visite show a solid bourgeoisie (p. 196). These photographic images have been reproduced ever since on posters, buttons, cards, and t-shirts; importantly, they serve as the primary source material for any other interpretations and representations of Truths physical appearance. Contemporary campaigns to commemorate Truth in material form necessarily draw from these available portrayals and portraits. There is much room for negotiation and advocacy, however, around precisely which version of Truth will be visualized at a particular time and place, as well as who has the right to control and retain ownership of that image. As Painter (1996) concludes, Even today, when Truth can symbolize the angry black woman for most of her audience, others can see her as a kind of pet (p. 129). In the three recent debates over establishing statues of Truth, the ideological implications of the choices made indicate clear differences regarding her symbolic meanings. A preference for the bourgeois, devout, serious image among predominantly white communities marks her as a symbol of accommodation, while African American public memory continues to evoke the mythology of Gages defiant advocate and radical critique of white audiences. In each debate over how Truth would be remembered the concept of character provides an important lens to assess the meaning of each commemoration. From among the available portrayals and photographic records, each representation of Truth selected particular elements while deflecting others. The dimensions included in each characterization of Truth provide a revelatory index to the particular values of the community and the means through which her image was adapted to suit various purposes. Essentially, character provides the window to how questions of identity politics were negotiated in each instance. In the Portrait Monument dispute, the image of Truth in evoked by the National Political Congress of Black Women reference the angry orator first envisioned by Frances Gage in 1863. In this version, Truth symbolizes the defiant insistence on race as a central consideration in public debate and the processes of public memory, an adaptation of this persona often used by black women to challenge white exclusionary tactics. The characteristics depicted in the Battle Creek and Northampton statues invoke the alternative image of Truth as the upholder of principles of equality and faith. These two commemorations replicate the bourgeois aspects of Truths cartes de visite, yet also depict her in safe and comforting ways. The defiant Truth is subordinated in favor of likenesses that reflect abstract values and celebrate conciliation rather than ones that insist on recognizing am valuing difference. Evaluation of the dimension of character in the process of public memory thus reveals the ideological functions served by a particular commemorative representation. These campaigns to re-present Truth in a material form reveal the uncertainties in the process of public memory, as well as the ways in which the practice often accommodates and dissipates political challenges to the values held dear by dominant culture. Among the potential meanings of Truth, her symbolic appropriation as a sign of the ideals of equality and justice easily is reconcilable with our American democratic mythology and frequent delusion that inequities can be solved simply through individual acts of faith and hope. Consequently, Truth is appropriated in her most bourgeois, benign, and reverent form. The Truth commemorated is an image that is ambiguous enough for us to find residues of her race and gender meanings within it if we so desire, but is also abstract enough to be of no threat on either front. (Manziuk, 2003) Genealogical research, when conducted within the context of African-American history using a variety of resources, offers a more encompassing perspective of the African American family in American society. In other words, our individual family photographs can provide a wealth of information about society in general.

Over Population :: essays research papers

Over Population The world’s population is approximately 5.9 billion, and it is still growing. It has just about doubled in the past forty years. We are now faced with the issue of over population. The problem is very severe, and important. It is controversial how many people this planet can hold. Some are arguing that we have plenty of room, and we could fit everyone on the state of Alaska, if we just put 10,000 people on each square mile. Alaska only makes up about one percent of the earth’s land mass. Other people argue that we need land to grow and supply all the resources we need, and we do not have enough for everybody. Either way the issue is looked at though, many people are being deprived of food, shelter and clothing because of the excess of people. Many countries are reducing their population by family planning. Family planning tries to promote the idea of using some sort of birth control such as condoms, the pill, sterilization, IUDs, or some other method. Over the past three decades, the global percentage of couples using some form of family planning has increased dramatically. It has changed from less than 10, to more than 50 percent. The amount of people who use family planning would increase if everyone had easy accessibility to it. In some rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, it takes an average of two hours to reach the nearest contraceptive provider. Often, people cannot even afford some type of birth control. Also, many governments ban or restrict important methods of contraception. Japan, for instance, discourages the use of birth control pills over the condom. Also, 60 countries require a husband’s consent for all forms of birth control. Even though there are some conflicts with it, I think family planning seems like the best to solve the world’s over population problem. China’s one child policy is generally denounced by a majority of world nations. Many countries feel that it is not right to restrict the number of children a person can have. They believe it is a person’s freedom to choose how many kids they want. China hopes for their fertility rate to be 1 child per woman instead of the 1.85 rate they currently have. Even though China’s policy is very controversial, China thinks this is what they need to do in order for their population growth to drop.

Minority Group Status

A minority group refers to a subordinate group whereby the members do not have enough control over their lives and do not have power to effectively fight for their rights. A minority group is inferior and is usually dominated by the rest, who are usually the majority group. The minority group experiences rather few opportunities to pursue their goals since education, success and wealth is limited to them. Such opportunities are disproportionately very low when compared to their population within the society. (Feagin, 2000) Characteristics of Minority Group Status A minority group has a number of characteristics which distinguish them from the majority group. The characteristics make them stand out from the rest and become easily identifiable. One characteristic of the members of the minority group is that they have distinguishing cultural or physical traits, for example skin color (physical) and language (cultural). A good example is Blacks in countries which are largely dominated by Whites. Another characteristic is that they usually face unequal treatment and have less power and therefore are not in full control of what goes around them. Mostly, the members claim of receiving unfair treatment and are constantly discriminated against. (Peter & Trauttman, 2006) In extreme cases, the members may be denied their rights to access certain resources, for, example, having recreational facilities strictly for majority group and restricting the minority group from accessing them. The third characteristic is that the members do not belong to the minority group by choice. The membership is therefore involuntary and no one can be compelled to remain a member or give up the membership since it is through race, power or even law that a person finds himself or herself belonging to the minority group. The fourth characteristic is that there is usually a high degree of awareness of subordination as well as a strong sense of solidarity among the members. The last characteristic is that, the majority group is high characterized by in-group marriages due to their close association and collaboration. (Jacob, 2005) Different Ways in Which Groups Become Minorities There are various ways in which groups become minorities numerically and socially. Numerically the minority group is judged by virtue of being few in numbers, for example, racial whereby the members are classified on some obvious characteristics, such as skin color. These characteristics are visible. For instance, Racial minority groups in US; American Indian, Blacks, Hawaiians and Asian Americans. Socially, the minority group is judged on the basis of inferior culture, faith, or belief as in gender, ethnic and religion. (Jacob, 2005) Ethnically, the groups are classified on cultural basis, such as food and language. Ethnic Minority Groups in US include Latinos and Hispanics such as Puerto Ricans, Chicanos and Cubans. The Jews are also part of the cultural minorities. In terms of gender, males are usually the social majority and women are the social minority. In religion, the minorities are the members who do not have the same faith as the majority group. For instance, Muslims, Mormons, Roman Catholics and Amish are religious minorities in US. (Peter & Trauttman, 2006) Consequences of Minority Group Status Some of the consequences are pluralism, assimilation, fusion, segregation, secession, expulsion and extermination. In pluralism, this is whereby the minority and majority groups or individuals maintain their different identities, that is, Whites are represented by Whites and Blacks by Blacks. In assimilation, the minority group identifies with the majority group in terms of culture and consequently is absorbed by the dominant group. In fusion, the majority and minority group merge to create a new group. (Feagin, 2000) Their cultures and physical characteristics are synthesized without intermarrying. In segregation, these two groups are physically separated in terms of work place, residence and social functions. In secession, the minority group moves out to create a new nation or join an established nation, whereby it becomes dominant. In expulsion, the minority group may be forced to leave a certain region or even thrown out of the country by the dominant group. In, extermination, the minority group is wiped out through genocide or systematic, deliberate killing. (Feagin, 2000) Conclusion From the discussion above, the existence of minority group status is not healthy though it cannot be avoided. Many divisions result from such differences making it impossible for a certain group to pursue their common goals and encourage vices such as discrimination against tribe, gender and religion. (Peter & Trauttman, 2006) References Feagin, J. (2000) Racial and Ethnic Relations, Palgrave Publishers, US. Jacob, C. (2005) What is a Minority Group, Palgrave Publishers, UK. Peter, Z. & Trauttmann, C. (2006) Distinguishing between Minority and Majority Group,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fireside Press, Washington DC.   

Paper on Education: A Gift or Not

The term education can mean many things. An education is the collective knowledge a person has, but what does an education mean? Although an education can be paid for, no one can physically give you an education, so it is not a gift. There are societal situations where an education is a necessity, but not many globally. Education is a tool to be utilized differently in every part of the world. Knowledge is power, but some knowledge is more powerful depending on your region. If you are part a primitive tribe in New Guinea, a person that is considered to be educated may be illiterate. Whereas in America, an illiterate person would have trouble functioning at all in society. Education is a tool that is to be developed by a combination of motivation, preparation, support, and society. An education can be offered to someone, but the pupil can only take from it what is put in. A gift is something that can be given to someone regardless of the effort put forth by the individual, therefore an education is not a gift. Although an education cannot be given to someone, and it is not a gift, there are things that can be given to you that contribute to your education. Perhaps the greatest thing that can be provided is support. When a parent or teacher rewards a child for learning, it makes a connection in the child's mind that an education will pay off. When an educated and successful family strongly support a child's education, that child will have a better chance to obtain an education. The child will see that education and success coincide. A person that is to be educated has to be given many opportunities to learn new things. Some of these opportunities are as simple as letting your four-year-old watch â€Å"Sesame Street† or letting your six-year-old make a sandwich. There are cases, however, when parents are not able to promote their children's education. If the parents are poor and uneducated, then a child will most likely be unmotivated towards school. The child might realize that his parents are managing to pull through, and think that he will be able to survive without an education as well. This will withhold the child from opportunities that an education would provide. Allowing that certain educational gifts are given to a person, they can acquire the motivation it takes to receive an education. Once you have made the decision to attain an education, certain virtues must be possessed. You must be motivated by something, weather it be money, power, or just the desire to learn. It is motivation that drives you to learn new things and to expand your horizons. You must prepare for an education. For everything that you want to know, there is something else you need to know first. Before you can be proficient on a piano you must know music, and before you can be proficient on a computer you must learn to use a keyboard and a mouse. Even though these skills may seem intuitive to some, someone from a different social culture may not have been introduced to these ideas at all. You must also have certain resources provided. To learn in an institution, often times you need money, books, and other materials that, sadly enough, cannot always be secured. This situation exemplifies the problems that one can face when an education is desired but outside scarcities disallow. There are some circumstances where special educational aspects are a necessity in a certain region, but education is not global. In most developed countries a lawyer would be considered an educated person, but if a lawyer was sent to a more primitive society he would be lost. A farmer educated in cultivation in Nebraska could nourish himself indefinitely, but take away his farm and he has nothing but the knowledge of farming. There are certain things that a person must know in order to have the power to survive in a chosen society. These things change with regards to the society at hand. In more developed places it is pertinent that you know how to read. Without this skill a person will remained severely uninformed, disconnected, and uneducated. The ability to read is the stepping stone to self-education. A literate person with motivation and knowledge of construction can become successful with very little institutionalized education. This skill, as it applies to American social culture, is the most important attribute of an education. Without the ability to read, a person would have to either settle for an extremely unskilled job, grow their own food, or resort to thievery. In a accomplished society such as this, not many people find the need to do these things. Instead people achieve an education, learn a trade or a profession, and earn money to prosper. However, in some societies it is perfectly normal not to be able to read, and a person will manage to survive on other skills such as hunting. Regardless of where you are or what you do, education is an asset. It is a tool that you add to every day, and that no one can take from you. Once you have truly learned something, it will be with you forever, and you will be able to put that information into use whenever it applies. Your education is something you truly own. It cannot be taken away in a bet, by a bankruptcy, and it cannot be stolen. Once you are educated in a particular field, you have job security. If you are a programmer, and your company goes under, you will be able to find another position as a programmer. When you are educated you make more money and have the better jobs, because it shows that you are dedicated to learning. You will not age as fast as someone with a labor intensive job, and chances are you will not have a career ending injury on the job. It is education that gives you options, keeps you connected to the world, and keeps you informed. Although an uneducated person has the resources to inform themselves, they rarely have the ability or motivation it takes to utilize these resources. An education can be achieved by anyone who has the motivation, support, and resources it takes too receive an education according to their perception. This education is a made up of support, motivation, and the necessity to survive. This education cannot be taken. This education means survival and success.